In contrast to an ideal graphite structure, so-called electrographite exhibits considerably lower anisotropy, due to its polycrystalline structure. Electrographite is created through graphitization of carbon graphite, a high-temperature treatment where crystallinity increases and the material retains its graphitic characteristics. The best-known process in this respect is the Acheson technique. Raw materials include all materials containing carbon, such as lignite coal, hard coal, crude oil, bitumen, carbon black or polymers which are initially carbonised in stages through heating.

The structure of the carbon changes during graphitization as the temperature increases. The size and perfection of individual graphite crystallites increase and the purity of the material continues to improve, as practically all impurities evaporate. Thermal and electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance are simultaneously improved during the graphitization process. Mechanical characteristics such as hardness, the elasticity module and strength, on the other hand, deteriorate. The increase in crystalline structure is also demonstrated in the increase in density and the reduction in the thermal coefficient of expansion. Special characteristics can be achieved through the use of mineral aggregates, metallic powder or subsequent impregnation.

Electrodes in aluminium and steel production are, in terms of quantities, the most important area of use for electrographite, but special applications conceal considerably higher requirements from an engineering point of view. For example, high-purity graphite materials in the semiconductor industry play an important role in both single crystal cultivation and wafer handling. Electrographites are also used in medical and analytical engineering, due to their high level of purity and good conductivity. The most frequently encountered applications on a daily basis are carbon brushes which establish electrical contact in the electric motors of almost all household appliances, many low voltage motors in motor vehicles and applications right up to large motors in locomotives.